The first thing that comes to our mind when we think of South India is the marvellous and historic temples. South India has a rich heritage and culture and is home to some of the best Hindu temples in the country. Whether it is the architecture, intricate carvings, spiritual ambience, or the historical significance, South Indian temples offer a captivating experience for every visitor.
From the towering gopurams of Tamil Nadu to the serene temple complexes in Kerala, these temples are not just places of worship but also architectural masterpieces that reflect the region's deep-rooted traditions and artistic excellence. Here are the 15 best temples in South India that every devotee should visit:
1. Brihadeeswarar Temple, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu
Often referred to as the "Big Temple," the Brihadeeswarar Temple is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and a masterpiece of Chola architecture. Constructed in the 11th century by Rajaraja Chola I, the temple is renowned for its massive granite dome, which is one of the largest of its kind in the world. The Chola architecture is known for its artistry, with intricate carvings, grand sculptures, and precise symmetry. The Brihadeeshwarar Temple is a south India temple dedicated to Lord Shiva and is an important pilgrimage site for Lord Shiva devotees.
2. Meenakshi Amman Temple, Madurai, Tamil Nadu
A marvel of Dravidian architecture, the Meenakshi Amman Temple is dedicated to Goddess Meenakshi, a form of Parvati, and her consort, Sundareshwar (Shiva). The temple complex, dating back to the 6th century, features intricately sculpted gopurams (gateway towers) and a thousand-pillared hall. The vibrant sculptures and the annual Chithirai Festival, which re-enacts the divine marriage of Meenakshi and Sundareshwar, draw thousands of pilgrims and tourists each year.
Fun Fact: The Meenakshi Amman Temple has more than 33,000 sculptures.
3. Virupaksha Temple, Hampi, Karnataka
Located in the ancient city of Hampi, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, the Virupaksha Temple is one of the oldest functioning temples in South India. Dedicated to Lord Shiva, the temple's history dates back to the 7th century. It stands out for its grand architecture, including a large entrance tower and an ornate pillared hall. The temple was a major religious centre during the Vijayanagara Empire and remains a significant site for devotees and history enthusiasts.
4. Ramanathaswamy Temple, Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu
Situated on the island of Rameswaram, this India south temple is one of the twelve Jyotirlinga temples dedicated to Lord Shiva. It is believed to be the site where Lord Rama worshipped Shiva to seek forgiveness for the sin of killing Ravana. The temple is known for its long corridors, exquisite sculptures, and the sacred tank, which is believed to have healing properties. Pilgrims visit Rameswaram to complete the holy circuit of worshipping both the Jyotirlingas and the Navagrahas (nine planets).
Fun Fact: The Ramanathaswamy Temple boasts the longest temple corridor in the world, stretching over 1,200 meters (nearly three-quarters of a mile) and lined with nearly 1,000 intricately carved pillars.
5. Kailasanathar Temple, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu
Kanchipuram, known as the "City of Thousand Temples," is home to the Kailasanathar Temple, a masterpiece of early Dravidian architecture. Built-in the 7th century by the Pallava king Rajasimha, this temple in south India is dedicated to Lord Shiva and is renowned for its simple yet elegant design. The temple features a series of intricately carved panels and a unique structure with a rectangular sanctum. It stands as a testament to the early phase of Dravidian temple architecture.
6. Chidambaram Nataraja Temple, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu
The Chidambaram Nataraja Temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva in his cosmic dance form, Nataraja. Located in Chidambaram, this temple is celebrated for its unique depiction of Shiva as the Lord of Dance. The temple complex houses a central sanctum, which is open to the sky, symbolizing the universe. The annual Natyanjali Festival, celebrating classical dance forms, is a major event that attracts devotees and artists from across India.
7. Srikalahasti Temple, Srikalahasti, Andhra Pradesh
Famed for its association with Vayu (the wind god), the Srikalahasti Temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva. The temple is unique for its location on the banks of the Swarnamukhi River and the natural airflow that circulates within the sanctum. It is one of the Pancha Bhoota Stalas, representing the element of air. The temple's intricate sculptures and its role in the worship of the five elements make it a significant pilgrimage site.
Fun Fact: Srikalahasti Temple is one of the Pancha Bhoota Sthalams, representing the element of air (Vayu).
8. Mallikarjuna Temple, Srisailam, Andhra Pradesh
Perched on the banks of the Krishna River, the Mallikarjuna Temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva and his consort, Bhramaramba. It is one of the twelve Jyotirlinga shrines and is revered for its historical and architectural significance. The temple's sanctum is adorned with detailed carvings, and its location amidst the scenic Nallamala Hills adds to its spiritual aura. The Srisailam temple is also part of the popular Panchabhuta Stalam pilgrimage circuit.
Fun Fact: The temple has five Shivalingas installed by the five Pandavas.
9. Gangaikonda Cholapuram Temple, Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Tamil Nadu
Another gem of Chola architecture, the Gangaikonda Cholapuram Temple, was built by Rajendra Chola I to commemorate his victories. The temple is dedicated to Lord Shiva and features a grand vimana, intricate carvings, and an extensive courtyard. It was part of the Chola Empire's grand architectural project to rival the Brihadeeswarar Temple in Thanjavur and remains a significant example of Chola architectural brilliance.
10. Kumara Kambath Temple, Kumbakonam, Tamil Nadu
The Kumara Kambath Temple, also known as the "Temple of the Twelve Sun Gods," is dedicated to Lord Murugan. Located in Kumbakonam, the temple is renowned for its unique architectural design and the twelve beautifully crafted Sun God idols. It is an important site for devotees of Murugan and is celebrated for its vibrant festivals and religious significance.
11. Chennakesava Temple, Belur, Karnataka
The Chennakesava Temple, built during the Hoysala dynasty in the 12th century, is a south temple in India dedicated to Lord Vishnu. Located in Belur, the temple is known for its stunning Hoysala architecture, featuring intricate sculptures, detailed carvings, and a star-shaped platform. The temple's detailed artwork and architectural finesse make it a significant example of Hoysala craftsmanship and attract numerous visitors.
12. Ranganathaswamy Temple, Srirangam, Tamil Nadu
The Ranganathaswamy Temple in Srirangam is one of the largest functioning Hindu temples in the world and is dedicated to Lord Ranganatha, a form of Vishnu. The temple complex covers a vast area and features seven concentric walls, grand gopurams, and numerous mandapams (halls). The annual Ratha Yatra (chariot festival) is a major event that draws pilgrims from across the country.
13. Kamakshi Amman Temple, Kanchipuram, Tamil Nadu
The Kamakshi Amman Temple, also located in Kanchipuram, is dedicated to Goddess Kamakshi, an incarnation of Parvati. The temple is famous for its architectural beauty and its role as one of the Shakti Peethas, where the divine feminine energy is worshipped. The temple's history dates back to ancient times, and it remains a vital pilgrimage site for devotees of the Goddess.
14. Jambukeswarar Temple, Tiruchirapalli, Tamil Nadu
Dedicated to Lord Shiva, the Jambukeswarar Temple is one of the Pancha Bhoota Stalas, representing the element of water. The temple is known for its unique underground sanctum, which symbolizes the element of water. The temple's intricate carvings and historical significance make it a prominent site for worship and pilgrimage.
15. Chennakesava Temple, Halebidu, Karnataka
Located in Halebidu, the Chennakesava Temple is another architectural marvel from the Hoysala period. Built in the 12th century, the temple is dedicated to Lord Vishnu and is known for its elaborate sculptures, including depictions of various Hindu deities and mythological scenes. The temple's intricate stone carvings and historical value make it a must-visit for those interested in South Indian architecture and history.
